Daily Arabic Verbs | Fi'l Madi | Fi'l Mudari

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 Let's learn verbs (أَفْعَالٌ ) that are commonly used in everyday life.

 

list of arabic verbs commonly used daily



The first form of verbs we are going to learn is the root verb.

The root verb is verb form for 3rd person masculine singular (ghaib mudhakkar mufrad) or غائب مفرد مذكّر

We will learn both fi'l madi (فعل الماضي) and fi'l mudari' (فعل المضارع).

The source book is تَعْلِيْمُ العَرَبِيَّةِ للنَّاطِقِيْنَ بِغَيْرِهَا - الكِتَابُ الأَسَاسِيُّ (al-kitab al-asasiy) volume 1.

Let's open the book lesson 5 (الدَّرْسُ الخَامِسُ).

In the book, it's written fi'l mudari only. In this blog, I'll write both fi'l madi and fi'l mudari in Arabic with English translation.

The writing method: I write the fi'l madi first, then followed by fi'l mudari.

For example:

مَشَى - يَمْشِي

Explanation:
مَشَى is fi'l madi. It means "walked".
يَمْشِي is fi'l mudari'. It means "walk".

I shortened the writing like this:

مَشَى - يَمْشِي = walk


Ok, let's study carefully the verbs.


List of the most commonly used Arabic verbs


جَرَى - يَجْرِي = run

صَعِدَ - يَصْعَدُ = go up; ascend

نَزَلَ - يَنْزِلُ = go down; descend

جَلَسَ - يَجْلِسُ = sit

وَقَفَ - يَقِفُ = stand

توضَّأَ - يَتَوَضَّأُ = ablute/perform ritual ablution

كَبَّرَ - يُكَبِّرُ = say 'Allahu Akbar'

صَلَّى - يُصَلِّي = pray/perform prayer

رَكَعَ - يَرْكَعُ = kneel down (in prayer)

سَجَدَ - يَسْجُدُ =  prostrate (in prayer)

سَلَّمَ - يُسَلِّمُ = greet (say "Assalamu'alaykum" in prayer)

أَكَلَ - يَأْكُلُ = eat

شَرِبَ - يَشْرَبُ = drink

كَتَبَ - يَكْتُبُ = write

قَرَأَ - يَقْرَأُ = read

نَامَ - يَنَامُ = sleep

سَبَّحَ - يُسَبِّحُ =  glorify (say "subhanallah")

ضَحِكَ - يَضْحَكُ = laugh

بَكَى - يَبْكِي = cry

فَتَحَ - يَفْتَحُ = open

غَلَقَ - يَغْلِقُ = close

خَرَجَ - يَخْرُجُ = exit

دَخَلَ - يَدْخُلُ = enter


Let's do some exercises.

Before finishing the exercises, let's study the following words:


بَابٌ = a door

نَافِذَةٌ = a window

فَوْقَ = above

كُرْسِيٌّ = a chair

عَلَى = on

سَبُّورَةٌ = a board

كِتَابٌ = a book

كُرَّاسَةٌ = a notebook

تُفَّاحٌ = apples

طَمَاطِمُ = tomatoes

مَكْتَبٌ = a table

 

Exercises

 Translate the sentences below into English.

1. بَكْرٌ يَفْتَحُ البَابَ 

2. بَكْرٌ يُغْلَقُ النَّافِذَةَ
 
3. بَكْرٌ يَقِفُ فَوْقَ الكُرْسِيِّ
 
4. بَكْرٌ يَجْلِسُ عَلَى الكُرْسِيِّ
 
5. بَكْرٌ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
 
6. بَكْرٌ يَقْرَأُ الكِتَابَ
 
7. بَكْرٌ يَكْتُبُ فِي الكُرَّاسَةِ
 
8. بَكْرٌ يَجْرِي
 
9. بَكْرٌ يُكَبِّرُ
 
10. بَكْرٌ يَسْجُدُ
 
11. بَكْرٌ يَرْكَعُ
 
12. بَكْرٌ يُسَبِّحُ
 
13. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ التُّفَّاحُ
 
14. المُدَرِّسُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
 
15. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ الطَّمَاطِمُ
 
16. المُدَرِّسُ يَجْلِسُ عَلَى الكُرْسِيِّ
 
17. الكِتَابُ فَوْقَ الكُرْسِيِّ
 
18. المُدَرِّسُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
 
19. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ التُّفَّاحَ
 
20. القَلَمُ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ


Answers



1. بَكْرٌ يَفْتَحُ البَابَ
Bakr opens the door.

2. بَكْرٌ يُغْلَقُ النَّافِذَةَ
Bakr closes the window.

3. بَكْرٌ يَقِفُ فَوْقَ الكُرْسِيِّ
Bakr stands above the chair.

4. بَكْرٌ يَجْلِسُ عَلَى الكُرْسِيِّ
Bakr sits on the chair.

5. بَكْرٌ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
Bakr writes on the blackboard.

6. بَكْرٌ يَقْرَأُ الكِتَابَ
Bakr reads the book.

7. بَكْرٌ يَكْتُبُ فِي الكُرَّاسَةِ
Bakr writes in the notebook.

8. بَكْرٌ يَجْرِي
Bakr runs.

9. بَكْرٌ يُكَبِّرُ
Bakr says "Allahu Akbar"

10. بَكْرٌ يَسْجُدُ
Bakr prostrates.

11. بَكْرٌ يَرْكَعُ
Bakr kneels down (perform ruku').

12. بَكْرٌ يُسَبِّحُ
Bakr says "Subhanallah".

13. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ التُّفَّاحَ
Bakr eats the apples.

14. المُدَرِّسُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
The teacher writes on the blackboard.

15. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ الطَّمَاطِمَ
Bakr eats the tomatoes.

16. المُدَرِّسُ يَجْلِسُ عَلَى الكُرْسِيِّ
The teacher sits on the chair.

17. الكِتَابُ فَوْقَ الكُرْسِيِّ
The book is above the chair.

18. المُدَرِّسُ يَكْتُبُ عَلَى السَّبُّورَةِ
The teacher writes on the blackboard.

19. بَكْرٌ يَأْكُلُ التُّفَّاحَ
Bakr eats the apples.

20. القَلَمُ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ
The pen is on the table.

Lesson learned from the exercises

1. The object (مفعول به) has particular condition or case. 
The case is called mansub (منصوب). 
The ultimate indication of its nasb (نصب) is fat-hah (فتحة) "a".

From the sentences above:

 بَكْرٌ يَفْتَحُ البَابَ 

- يَفْتَحُ : fi'l mudari', and fa'il (فاعل) damir mustatir jawazan taqdiruhu huwa (ضمير مستتر جوازًا تقديره هُوَ).

- البَابَ : maf'ul bih mansub, and the indication of the nasb is fat-hah because it is ism mufrad.
 

2. ِA noun (اسم) is in majrur (مجرور) case because it is preceded by har jar (حرف الجرّ).

From the sentence above:

القَلَمُ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ
 
-  عَلَى: harf jar.

- المَكْتَبِ : ism majrur because of har jar "عَلَى", the indication of the jar is kasrah "i".
 

Recap: Video 

 

 

 

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I recommend you to learn the following lesson:


Daily Activities in the home: List of Arabic verbs

Activities in the classroom: List of Arabic verbs