Today we are going to learn daily expression in Arabic, asking someone what are you doing, what is he doing, what is she doing in Arabic.
In this lesson, beside understanding the expressions, you can enrich your Arabic vocabulary because I'll list the verbs with the translation.
In addition to this, you can learn sentence structure and a word by word translation, so you will obtain complete understanding after reading this material lesson.
OK, enjoy the material. We will start from the what is he doing? in Arabic.
How to express what is he doing in Arabic?
In this section, I'll show you the expression in Arabic with the examples answering this kind of questions.
What is he doing? , you can state it "مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ؟"
The example answer : هُوَ يَدْرُسُ (He is studying)
A word by word translation
Observe the translation in the picture below.
Let's modify the sentence
1st modification : add the fa'il (the doer)
You've learn what is he doing statement in Arabic, now we try to modify the sentence.
How to ask "What is Ahmad doing?"
You can simply add the word Ahmad after verb.
Therefore What is Ahmad doing? in Arabic is "مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ أَحْمَدُ؟"
Let's study one more example. How to ask "What is the student doing?"
By doing the same step like above, you can simply state "مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الطَّالِبُ؟"
OK, let's start to do some exercise.
Translate the following sentence into Arabic.
1. What is the teacher doing?
2. What is the boy doing?
3. What is the doctor doing?
Answer
1. What is the teacher doing? => مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ المُدَرِّسُ؟
2. What is the boy doing? => مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الوَلَدُ؟
3. What is the doctor doing? => مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الطَّبِيْبُ؟
2nd modification : modify the fa'il (the doer)
If we change the doer, the consequence is we have to change the verb also.
Why? Because there is an agreement between verb (fi'l) and the doer (fa'il).
Suppose you ask "What is she doing?". In this case, the doer is "she" or هِيَ , then you must change the verb to تَفْعَلُ instead of يَفْعَلُ
So, what is she doing? in Arabic is => مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ ؟
We will learn more the verb conjugation in sarf lesson, in shaa Allah.
For this time, just focus memorizing the table below.
There are four types of question based on the table above, they are:
a. What is he doing?
he = هُوَ = third person, singular, masculin.
You use the word يَفْعَلُ , so "what is he doing?" is مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ؟
b. What is she doing?
she = هِيَ = third person, singular, feminine.
You use the word تَفْعَلُ , so "what is she doing?" is مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ ؟
c. What are you doing?
you = أَنْتَ = second person, singular, masculine.
You use the word تَفْعَلُ, so "what are you doing?" is مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ ؟
d. What are you doing?
you = أَنْتِ = second person, singular, feminine.
You use the word تَفْعَلِيْنَ , so "what are you doing?" is مَاذَا تَفْعَلِيْنَ ؟
Question and Answer English and Arabic
1. What is the teacher doing? The teacher is asking the students.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ المُدَرِّسُ؟ (what is the teacher doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari
- المُدَرِّسُ = the teacher
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
answer : يَسْأَلُ المُدَرِّسُ الطُّلَّابَ (The teacher is asking the students)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَسْأَلُ = ask
It is fi'l mudari'
- المُدَرِّسُ = the teacher
It is fa'il (the doer), marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- الطُّلَّابَ = the students
It is maf'ul bih (object), mansub, the indication of the nasb is fat-hah "a"
الطُّلَّابُ is plural, the singular form of الطُّلَّابُ is طَالِبٌ
2. What is the student doing? The student is writing on the notebook.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الطَّالِبُ؟ (what is the student doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari'
- الطَّالِبُ = the student
It is fa'il (the doer), marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : يَكْتُبُ الطَّالِبُ عَلَى الدَّفْتَرِ (the student is writing on the notebook)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَكْتُبُ = write
It is fi'l mudari'
- الطَّالِبُ = the student
It is fa'il, marfu, the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- عَلَى = on
It is harf jar
- الدَّفْتَرِ = the notebook
It is majrur because of the harf jar عَلَى, the indication of the jar is kasrah "i"
3. What is the boy doing? The boy is drawing the flower.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الوَلَدُ؟ (what is the boy doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is f'il mudari'
- الوَلَدُ = the boy
It is fa'il, marfu, the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : يَرْسُمُ الوَلَدُ الزَّهْرَةَ (the boy is drawing the flower)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَرْسُمُ = draw
It is fi'l mudari'
- الوَلَدُ = the boy
It is fa'il, marfu, the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- الزَّهْرَةَ = the flower
It is maf'ul bih (object), mansub, the indication of the nasab is fat-hah "a"
4. What is the doctor doing? The doctor is sitting on the chair.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الطَّبِيْبُ؟ (What is the doctor doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari'.
- الطَّبِيْبُ = the doctor
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : يَجْلِسُ الطَّبِيْبُ عَلَى الكُرْسِيِّ (The doctor is sitting on the chair)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَجْلِسُ = sit
It is fi'l mudari'
- الطَّبِيْبُ = the doctor
It is fa'il, marfu, the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- عَلَى = on
It is harf jar.
- الكُرْسِيِّ = the chair
It is majrur because of harf jar عَلَى, the indication of the jar is kasrah "i"
5. What is the merchant doing? The merchant is walking on the street.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ التَّاجِرُ؟ (What is the merchant doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari'
- التَّاجِرُ = the merchant
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : يَسِيْرُ التَّاجِرُ فِي الشَّارِعِ (The merchant is walking on the street)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَسِيْرُ = walk
It is fi'l mudari'
- التَّاجِرُ = the merchant
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- فِي = in
It is harf jar
- الشَّارِعِ = the street
It is majrur because of the harf jar فِي , the indication of the jar is kasrah "i"
6. What is Muhammad doing? Muhammad is reading the book.
question : مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ (What is Muhammad doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- يَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari'
- مُحَمَّدٌ = muhammad
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of it's rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : يَقْرَأُ مُحَمَّدٌ الكِتَابَ (Muhammad is reading the book)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- يَقْرَأُ = read
It is fi'l mudari'.
- مُحَمَّدٌ = muhammad
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- الكِتَابَ = the book
It is maf'ul bih (object), mansub, the indication of the nasb is fat-hah "a"
7. What is the female student doing? The female student is entering the classroom.
question : مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ الطَّالِبَةُ ؟ (What is the female student doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- تَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'l mudari'
- الطَّالِبَةُ = the female student
It is fa'il (subject), marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : تَدْخُلُ الطَّالِبَةُ الفَصْلَ (The female student is entering the classroom)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- تَدْخُلُ = enter
It is fi'l mudari'
- الطَّالِبَةُ = the female student
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- الفَصْلَ = the classroom
It is object, mansub, the indication of the nasb is fat-hah "a"
8. What is the girl doing? The girl is drinking the juice.
question : مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ البِنْتُ ؟ (What is the girl doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- تَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'il mudari'
- البِنْتُ = the girl
It is fa'il, marfu, the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : تَشْرَبُ البِنْتُ العَصِيْرَ (The girl is drinking the juice)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- تَشْرَبُ = drink
It is fi'l mudari'
- البِنْتُ = the girl
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- العَصِيْرَ = the juice
It is maf'ul bih (object), mansub, the indication of the nasb is fat-hah "a"
9. What is the mother doing? The mother is cooking the meal.
question : مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ الأُمُّ ؟ (What is the mother doing?)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- مَاذَا = what
- تَفْعَلُ = do
It is fi'il mudari'
- الأُمُّ = the mother
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
Answer : تَطْبُخُ الأُمُّ الطَّعَامَ (The mother is cooking the meal)
Sentence structure and word by word translation:
- تَطْبُخُ = cook
It is fi'il mudari'
- الأُمُّ= the mother
It is fa'il, marfu', the indication of the rafa' is dammah "u"
- الطَّعَامَ = the meal
It is maf'ul bih, mansub, the indication of the nasb is fat-hah "a"
List of Verbs
Below are the verbs, fi'l madi and fi'l mudari with the English translation.
Please memorize them, so that you can make more sentences.
كَتَبَ - يَكْتُبُ = write
قَرَأَ - يَقْرَأُ = read
فَهِمَ - يَفْهَمُ = understand
دَرَسَ - يَدْرُسُ = study
سَأَلَ - يَسْأَلُ = ask
رَسَمَ - يَرْسُمُ = draw
دَخَلَ - يَدْخُلُ = enter
خَرَجَ - يَخْرُجُ = exit
سَارَ - يَسِيْرُ = walk
وَقَفَ - يَقِفُ = stop; stand
ذَهَبَ - يَذْهَبُ = go
جَلَسَ - يَجْلِسُ = sit
نَامَ - يَنَامُ = sleep
أَكَلَ - يَأْكُلُ = eat
شَرِبَ - يَشْرَبُ = drink
طَبَخَ - يَطْبُخُ = cook
غَسَلَ - يَغْسِلُ = wash; clean; bath
عَمِلَ - يَعْمَلُ = work
Additional information
These are answers of the questions in the video.
1. Muhammad is studying in the classroom
يَدْرُسُ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي الفَصْلِ
2. The car is parking in the parking lot
تَقِفُ السَّيَّارَةُ فِي المَوْقِفِ
3. The baby is sleeping on the bed
يَنَامُ الطِّفْلُ عَلَى السَّرِيْرِ
4. Ahmad is working in the office
يَعْمَلُ أَحْمَدُ فِي المَكْتَبِ
5. The girl is reading the magazine
قَرَأَ البِنْتُ المَجَلَّةَ
No comments:
Post a Comment