Arabic short conversation|صلاة الفجر|fajr prayer

 Today, we are going to learn Arabic expression through short conversation.

The conversation is happened between the son and his mother when the mother make the son wake up to prepare pray fajr in the mosque.

Here are the conversation

mother : اِسْتَيْقِظْ, يَا زَيْدُ

قَدْ حَانَ وَقْتُ الصَّلاَةِ الفَجْرِ

zaid : أَنَا تَعْبَانُ يَا أُمِّي

mother : أُنْظُرْ, أَخُوكَ مُسْتَعِدٌّ لِلذَّهَابِ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ

zaid : كَمِ السَّاعَةُ الآنَ؟ 

mother : الآنَ السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُ تَمَامًا

zaid : لاَ بُدَّ أَنْ أَغْتَسِلَ بِسُرْعَةٍ

mother : خُذِ القَمِيْصَ الجَدِيْدَ مِنَ الخِزَانَةِ

zaid : حَسَنًا, أَلْبَسُ قَمِيْصًا جَدِيْدًا

Word by word translation and word explanation

1. اِسْتَيْقِظْ, يَا زَيْدُ  = wake up O Zaid!

- اِسْتَيْقِظْ = wake up

اِسْتَيْقِظْ is fi'l amr (فعل الأمر).

The root verb (basic form) of اِسْتَيْقِظْ is => اِسْتَيْقَظَ - يَسْتَيْقِظُ

قَدْ حَانَ وَقْتُ الصَّلاَةِ الفَجْرِ = verily it's time to Fajr prayer ; fajr prayer time has come

- قَدْ means تأكيد (emphasis) or تقريب (getting closer)

- حَانَ means come; arrive

- وَقْتٌ = time

So حَانَ الْوَقْتُ means it's time to; the time has come

- الصَّلاَةِ الفَجْرِ = fajr prayer

So وَقْتُ الصَّلاَةِ الفَجْرِ means fajr prayer time

2. أَنَا تَعْبَانُ يَا أُمِّي  = I'm tired mom

- أَنَا = I 

- تَعْبَانُ = tired; weary

- يَا أُمِّي = O my mother

3. أُنْظُرْ, أَخُوكَ مُسْتَعِدٌّ لِلذَّهَابِ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ = look, your brother is ready to go to the mosque

- أُنْظُرْ = look

The basic form of أُنْظُرْ is نَظَرَ - يَنْظُرُ 

- أَخُوكَ  comprises أَخٌ + كَ 

* أَخٌ = brother

It's mudaf.

* كَ  is damir muttasil that refers to أَنْتَ (you: singular, masculine)

It's mudaf ilaih.

So أَخُوكَ means "your brother"

- مُسْتَعِدٌّ = ready; prepared

مُسْتَعِدٌّ is fa'il of the verb اِسْتَعَدَّ - يَسْتَعِدُّ

اِسْتَعَدَّ - يَسْتَعِدُّ means "be ready"; "get ready"; "prepare for"

-  لِلذَّهَابِ  =  to go 

It comprises لِ + الذَّهَابِ 

* لِ = harf jar

It means "to/for"

* الذَّهَابِ = ism majrur

It's in genitive case because of harf jar "ل"

It means "go"

ذَهَابٌ is masdar of the verb "ذَهَبَ - يَذْهَبُ"

-  إِلَى المَسْجِدِ = to the mosque

* إِلَى  = harf jar

It means "to"

* المَسْجِدِ  = ism majrur

It means "the mosque"

It is in genitive case because of harf jar "إِلَى "

4. كَمِ السَّاعَةُ الآنَ؟  = what time is it now?

- كَمْ = how many; how much

- السَّاعَةُ = clock

- الآنَ = now

5. الآنَ السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُ تَمَامًا = It's five o'clock now.

- الآنَ = now

- السَّاعَةُ = clock

- الخَامِسَةُ = fifth 

It's an ordinal number form.

The basic form = خَمْسَةٌ / خَمْسٌ 

- تَمَامًا  = exactly; precisely

السَّاعَةُ الخَامِسَةُ تَمَامًا means "five o'clock sharp"

6. لاَ بُدَّ أَنْ أَغْتَسِلَ بِسُرْعَةٍ=  I must take a bath quickly.

- لاَ بُدَّ أَنْ= must; have to

-  أَغْتَسِلُ = take a bath; take a shower

Because harf nasab "أَنْ" the verb becomes mansub (accusative case).

Therefore it becomes "أَغْتَسِلَ"

The root verb (basic form) of أَغْتَسِلُ is اِغتَسَلَ - يَغْتَسِلُ 

- بِسُرْعَةٍ comprises بِ + سُرْعَةٍ 

بِسُرْعَةٍ means "quickly"; "as soon as possible"

* بِ  = harf jar

* سُرْعَةٍ = ism majrur

It is in genitive case because of  harf jar "بِ"

7. خُذِ القَمِيْصَ الجَدِيْدَ مِنَ الخِزَانَةِ = take the new shirt from the wardrobe

- خُذْ = get; take; obtain; pick up; reach for

خُذْ  is fi'l amr. The basic form of خُذْ  is أَخَذَ  - يَأْخُذُ 

- القَمِيْصُ = the shirt

in this sentence, القَمِيْصُ is acted as maf'ul bih (object), so it is in accusative case (mansub).

Therefore it becomes القَمِيْصَ

- الجَدِيْدُ = new

الجَدِيْدُ is adjective. It describes prior noun, that is القَمِيْصَ

Because القَمِيْصَ is definite noun and in accusative case, the adjective is followed the case.

So, it becomes القَمِيصَ الجَدِيْدَ

note: 

الجَدِيدَ is na't (نَعْتٌ), whereas القَمِيصَ is man'ut (مَنْعُوتٌ)

- مِنَ الخِزَانَةِ = from the wardrobe

* مِنْ= harf jar

It means "from"

* الخِزَانَةِ = ism majrur

It means cupboard; wardrobe; container

الخِزَانَةِ is in genitive case (majrur) because of harf jar "مِنْ"

8. حَسَنًا, أَلْبَسُ قَمِيْصًا جَدِيْدًا = ok, I wear a new shirt

- حَسَنًا = all right; ok

- أَلْبَسُ = wear 

The root verb of أَلْبَسُ  is لَبِسَ - يَلْبَسُ

- قَمِيْصًا = a shirt

قَمِيْصًا is maf'ul bih (object), so it is in accusative case (mansub).

- جَدِيْدًا = new

جَدِيْدًا is acted as na't (adjective), it describe the noun "قَمِيْصًا", therefore the case is the same as قَمِيْصًا, that is mansub.

==================================

Recommend e-book for understanding sentence pattern and practicing make a simple sentence by following the pattern : Arabic short story | Theories and Exercises