huruuf al-jar - Durusul lughah vol 1 lesson 4

We have learned harf jar (preposition) in the previous lesson. We will continune on the next harf, they are:

- مِنْ

- إِلَى

The rules of preposition in Arabic

When a noun is preceded by a preposition, it is said to be genitive case (majruur / مَجْرُوْرٌ )






For example:

البَيْتُ  = the house => nominative case or مَرْفُوْعٌ => ending vowel sign is dummah.

مِنْ  = preposition (harf jar)


مِنَ البَيْتِ  = from the house =>  genitive case or مَجْرُوْرٌ   =>  ending vowel sign is kasrah.

The translation of the conversation

مِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ؟  = Where are you from?
أَنَا مِنَ الْيَابَانِ   = I'm from Japan.

وَ مِنْ أَيْنَ عَمَّارٌ ؟  = and where is Ammar from?
هُوَ مِنَ الصِّيْنِ  = He is from China.

وَ مِنْ أَيْنَ حَامِدٌ ؟  = Where is Hamid from?
هُوَ مِنَ الهِنْدِ  = He is from India.

أَيْنَ عَبَّاسٌ ؟  = Where is Abbas?
خَرَجَ   = He went out.

أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ ؟  = Where did he go?
ذَهَبَ إِلَى الْمُدِيْرِ  = He went to the headmaster.

وَ أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ عَلِيٌّ ؟  = Where did Ali go?
ذَهَبَ إِلَى  الْمِرْحَاضِ  = He went to the toilet.

New vocabulary in the lesson 4

الْمَدْرَسَةُ  = the school

الْمَتْبَخُ  = the kitchen

الْفَصْلُ  = the class

الغُرْفَةُ  = the room

الْحَمَّامُ  = the washroom

الجَامِعَةُ = the university

الْمِرْحَادُ  = the toilet

السُّوْقُ  = the market

اليَابَانُ  = Japan

الصِّيْنُ  = China

الهِنْدُ  = India

الفِلِبِّيْنُ  = Philippines

الْمُدِيْرُ  = the principal / the headmaster

ذَهَبَ  = he went

خَرَجَ  = he went out

Recap

1. Huruuf al-jar ( حُرُوْفُ الْجَرِّ ) / preposition = 


- مِنْ

- إِلَى

- فِيْ

- عَلَى


2. When a noun is preceded by a preposition, it is said to be genitive case (majruur / مَجْرُوْرٌ )