Feminine Adjective in Arabic: Agreement between adjective and the noun

After memorizing some adjectives in the previous lesson, now we are going to learn agreement between the adjective and the noun.

Watch and listen carefully the explanation and the examples in the video lesson below.

In the last segment, there are some questions to answer. The instruction is to translate the sentences into Arabic. You can find the answers in the last section of this article.

Video transcription

1. Assalamu'alaykum.
Today, I will explain the adjectives and the agreement  with the nouns they describe.

2. The fundamental thing you must know is the basic rules of adjectives and the noun they describe.
The adjectives have an agreement with the noun in terms of:
— number
— gender
— definiteness
— case

3. In this lesson, we will focus on:
— singular noun
— masculine and feminine noun
— indefinite noun
— and noun with nominative case

4. The second thing you must know: how to form a feminine adjective from the masculine?
The adjective is made feminine, usually by adding ta marbutah (ة) at the end.

5. Examples:
جَمِيْلٌ (jamiilun) or we can say jamiil for short, means beautiful.
It is an adjective in masculine form.
The feminine adjective of jamiilun is jamiilatun (جَمِيْلَةٌ), we can say jamiilah for short.

6. جَدِيْدٌ (jadiidun) means new.
the feminine form is جَدِيْدَةٌ (jadiidatun).

7. The third thing you must know: The place of adjective.
In English: adjective is placed in front of the noun.
Whereas in Arabic: adjective is placed after the noun.

8. Examples:
حَجَرٌ means stone. It is a noun. In Arabic, it is called منعوت (man'uut or mausuuf).
ثَقِيل means heavy. It is an adjective. In Arabic, it is called نعت (na't or shifah).
So, if we want to say a heavy stone in Arabic, we say hajarun thaqiilun (حَجَرٌ ثَقِيْلٌ).

9. The fourth thing you must know especially in this lesson:
if the noun is masculine, the adjective must also be masculine.
if the noun is feminine, the adjective must also be feminine.

10. Examples:
rajulun (رَجُلُ) is a masculine noun. Therefore, the adjective is also a masculine.
So, a rich man in Arabic is rajulun ghaniyyun (رَجُلٌ غَنِيٌّ).

امرأة (imra-atun) is a feminine noun. Therefore the adjective is also a feminine.
Feminine form of غنيّ (ghaniyyun) is غَنِيَّةٌ (ghaniyyatun).
So, a rich woman in Arabic is = امرأة غنيّة (imra-atun ghaniyyatun).

11. قَلَمٌ جَدِيْدٌ (qalamun jadiidun) = a new pen.
سيّارة (sayyaratun) is a feminine noun, so we must change jadiidun to feminine form. It is jadiidatun (جديدة).
So, a new car in Arabic is = sayyaratun jadiidatun (سيّارة جديدة).

12. بيت نظيف (baitun naziifun) = a clean house.
غرفة نظيفة (ghurfatun naziifatun) = a clean room.

13. Let's practice implementing the rules to the sentence.
The thing you must do is to translate the following sentences into Arabic.

14. These are the sentences:
This is a beautiful girl.
I have a new book.
That is a big car.
This is a tall boy.
I have a rich uncle.
A pretty woman is in the house.
Do you have a small bag
This is a large school.

15. Find the answers in my blog, the link is at video description. Click the link to check your answers.
In syaa Allah, I will  discuss the plural form of adjectives in the next video. So, please wait for the next lesson in this channel.
Thank you for watching. wassalamu'alaykum.

Questions and Answers

Instruction: translate the following sentences into Arabic.

1. This is a beautiful girl.
2. I have a new book.
3. That is a big car.
4. This is a tall boy.
5. I have a rich uncle.
6. A pretty woman is in the house.
7. Do you have a small bag
8. This is a large school.

The answers

1. This is a beautiful girl = هَذِهِ بِنْتٌ جَمِيْلَةٌ
2. I have a new book = عِنْدِي كِتَابٌ جَدِيْدٌ
3. That is a big car = تِلْكَ سَيَّارَةٌ كَبِيْرَةٌ
4. This is a tall boy = هَذَا وَلَدٌ طَوِيْلٌ
5. I have a rich uncle = لِي عَمٌّ غَنِيٌّ
6. A pretty woman is in the house = اِمْرَأةٌ جَمِيْلَةٌ فِي البَيْتِ
7. Do you have a small bag = أَعِنْدَكَ حَقِيْبَةٌ صَغِيْرَةٌ؟
8. This is a large school = هَذِهِ مَدْرَسَةٌ كَبِيْرَةٌ

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Recommended lesson to read

Explore more about ism mudhakkar and mu-annath in the following lesson: masculine and feminine noun in Arabic 

You can also read the explanation about how to change feminine noun/adjective from the masculine form here.