Preposition in Arabic - Durusul lughah vol 1 lesson 4

Table of Content [View]

Lesson 4 - Section 1: Prepositions (Harf Jar)

Recap Previous Lessons:

The Grammar Rule: حَرْفُ جَرٍّ (Harf Jar)

In this lesson, we explore the Arabic Preposition, known as حَرْفُ جَرٍّ.

Common Prepositions:

  1. فِي = In
  2. عَلَى = On

The Rule: When a noun is preceded by a Harf Jar, it enters the Genitive Case, called مَجْرُوْرٌ (Majrūr). The default ending vowel (Dhammah) changes to a Kasrah (i).

Examples & Practice

English Arabic (Nominative) With Preposition (Genitive)
The House / In the house الْبَيْتُ فِي الْبَيْتِ
The Mosque / In the mosque الْمَسْجِدُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
The Desk / On the desk الْمَكْتَبُ عَلَى الْمَكْتَبِ
The Bed / On the bed السَّرِيْرُ عَلَى السَّرِيْرِ

New Vocabulary

أَيْنَ Where
سَاعَةٌ Watch/Clock
غُرْفَةٌ Room
حَمَّامٌ Bathroom
مَطْبَخٌ Kitchen

Conversational Sentences

  • Q: Where is Muhammad?
    أَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٌ؟
    A: He is in the room.
    هُوَ فِي الْغُرْفَةِ
  • Q: Where is the book?
    أَيْنَ الْكِتَابُ؟
    A: It is on the desk.
    هُوَ عَلَى الْمَكْتَبِ
    *Note: "Huwa" (He) is used for the book because "Kitab" is a masculine noun.
  • Q: Is Amina in the room?
    أَآمِنَةُ فِي الْغُرْفَةِ؟
    A: No, she is in the kitchen.
    لَا، هِيَ فِي الْمَطْبَخِ

Infographics: Preposition in Arabic

Infographic explaining Arabic prepositions (harf jar) from Durusul Lughah Lesson 4, showing the grammatical rule of genitive case (majrur) with examples of fi (في) and ala (على) prepositions with full Arabic harakat and vowel transformations.
Arabic Prepositions Infographic - Durusul Lughah Lesson 4